Synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses, or the connections between neurons, to change in strength and efficacy in response to activity and experience. This phenomenon is believed to be a key mechanism underlying learning and memory in the brain. There are several forms of synaptic plasticity, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), which involve the strengthening or weakening of synaptic connections, respectively. Researchers study synaptic plasticity to better understand how the brain processes information and adapts to its environment, as well as to explore potential implications for neurological disorders and cognitive enhancement.